{"id":986,"date":"2025-01-09T07:36:19","date_gmt":"2025-01-09T07:36:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dta.cnr.it\/working-groups\/mountains\/"},"modified":"2025-05-22T09:04:29","modified_gmt":"2025-05-22T09:04:29","slug":"mountains","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dta.cnr.it\/en\/working-groups\/mountains\/","title":{"rendered":"Mountains"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Why a Working Group dedicated to Mountains?<\/b><\/h3>\n

Current climate change has more intense impacts on mountains than on other components of the Earth system. Mountains are in fact considered the first sentinels of climate change because they respond rapidly and often in an amplified way to climate fluctuations and the impacts of human activities. <\/p>\n

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highlighs<\/h1>\n

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March 27, 2025 – The contribution of scientific research for the future of our mountains – discover the event<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

The event will cover the group’s seven research themes (atmosphere, climate, geosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, biodiversity, and mountain medicine), placing itself in dialogue with mountain users, other Italian entities working at high altitudes, and representatives of civil society.<\/p>\n

Space will be given to the CNR-CAI project \u201cRefuges Sentinel of Climate and the Environment”<\/a>, and at the close of the day there will be a panel discussion on the topic of the future of research with representatives of Italian organizations and associations dealing with different aspects related to mountains.<\/p>\n

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The Mountains play an important role in assessing the health of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, and cryosphere by being active \u201cplatforms\u201d that are ideal for studying climate, its variations, and its impacts. They are also critical water resources for the plains below, host unique ecosystems and extremely rich biodiversity and geodiversity, and provide essential ecosystem and geo-services. <\/p>\n

Monitoring the climatic and environmental conditions of mountains and the transformations that occur in them is also possible thanks to continuous observations carried out in the CNR research infrastructures, through specific measurement campaigns for the study of processes, and the study of future scenarios, in order to better understand the global change underway. This approach is essential to summarize even complex phenomena that involve mountains and to convey correct information both to the general public and to institutions and political decision-makers, in order to promote processes of adaptation and mitigation of environmental impacts and to better spread awareness and encourage responsible actions to preserve mountain environments, their bio-geodiversity and the life they host, including that of human beings. <\/p>\n

The first action of the group was to start a census of the skills and activities of those who already work within the CNR in the Mountains field, including projects and publications on the topic. One of the products of this census is the following map, which represents the geographical distribution of the measurement stations, observatories and sites where the CNR Institutes carry out research activities. <\/p>\n

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The group’s activities also include the renewal of the <\/span>CNR-CAI Framework Agreement<\/a>, <\/span>signed by presidents Maria Chiara Carrozza and Antonio Montani and in force for four years starting from 09\/05\/2024<\/p>\n

The research activity of the Montagne GdL, transversal to the DSSTTA Institutes and also extended to the Department of Bio-Agri-food Sciences and the Department of Biomedical Sciences, is dedicated to placing and developing particular attention to four activities:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. OBSERVATIONS,<\/li>\n
  2. IMPACTS (both current\/past and expected in the future),<\/li>\n
  3. FUTURE SCENARIOS,<\/li>\n
  4. TRAINING-AWARENESS-COMMUNICATION.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The next action of the group will be to systematize the knowledge collected and already in place, focusing on specific themes that will be developed in the GdL, starting from the points reported below.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Observations<\/strong>\n
        \n
      1. Characterization of sources of polluting and climate-altering compounds <\/strong>(<\/span>LLCF, SLCF) in the atmosphere and other matrices,<\/li>\n
      2. Transport mechanisms<\/strong> o<\/span>f polluted air masses and water bodies,<\/li>\n
      3. Depositions of Light Absorbing Particles<\/strong> on<\/span> snow and ice, resulting in an impact on the albedo,<\/li>\n
      4. Dynamics and processes in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems<\/strong> in<\/span> mountain environments,<\/li>\n
      5. Mountain \u201cCritical Zone\u201d<\/strong>: dynamics and changes,<\/li>\n
      6. Hydrology of the mountain environment<\/strong>, including the cryosphere,<\/li>\n
      7. Slope stability<\/strong> and <\/span>geo-hydrological instability mechanisms (landslides, debris flows, ice collapses, …),<\/li>\n
      8. Paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstructions<\/strong> (i<\/span>ce cores, sediments, peat bogs, speleothems,\u2026),<\/li>\n
      9. Monitoring the health of mountain populations in relation to pollution and climate change.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n
      10. Models and scenarios<\/strong>\n
          \n
        1. Pollutant<\/span> dispersion models<\/strong> in complex orography<\/span><\/li>\n
        2. Modeling of the <\/span>cryosphere<\/strong>: snowfall dynamics models<\/li>\n
        3. Global and regional climate modeling, climate change scenarios, mechanisms of amplification of changes with altitude<\/li>\n
        4. Methods for downscaling <\/strong>optimised climate scenarios for mountain areas<\/li>\n
        5. Seasonal climate predictability<\/strong>: seasonal forecasting of snow and water resources, development of prototypes of climate services for the geo-hydrological, energy and tourism sectors<\/li>\n
        6. Climate change mitigation<\/strong>: identification of SLCF and LLCF sources, analysis of emission mitigation measures, development of sustainable solutions;<\/li>\n
        7. Adaptation to climate change<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n
        8. Impacts<\/strong>\n
            \n
          1. Water resources<\/strong>: watercourses, lakes, wetlands, springs;<\/li>\n
          2. Ecosystems and biodiversity<\/strong>: ecosystem services and interaction between biodiversity and geodiversity, biodiversity loss<\/li>\n
          3. Natural hazards<\/strong>: geo-hydrological risk, slope instability, degradation of the cryosphere, drought and forest fires, intense meteorological events, increase in temperatures;<\/li>\n
          4. Human health and mountain medicine<\/strong>: effects of high altitude (hypoxia and hypothermia), effects of solar radiation (melanomas and other skin tumors), forest therapy; chronic diseases in times of climate change (safety protocols in mountain visits, environmental pollution and health of mountain populations;<\/li>\n
          5. Tourism<\/strong>: winter offer and lack of snow; availability of water, extreme events, alteration of mountaineering and hiking itineraries, safety protocols for frequenting the mountain environment in different seasons.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n
          6. Training-awareness-communication-support for institutions<\/strong>\n
              \n
            1. Activities with schools, universities and teachers <\/strong>(projects \/ courses),<\/li>\n
            2. Good practices<\/strong> to<\/span> spread awareness of the human and tourism impact on the mountain environment, also within the framework of the CAI-CNR framework agreement,<\/li>\n
            3. Inclusive enjoyment<\/strong> of<\/span> the mountain environment: development of communication methodologies (also for the disabled),<\/li>\n
            4. Support for institutions<\/strong> and<\/span> management systems (also through the definition of guidelines).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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